In Canada,Humanitarian & Compassionate (H&C) Grounds and Refugee Claims are distinct processes, both related to seeking protection or residency.
Humanitarian Compassionate (H&C) Grounds
Refugee claims follow a formal process with set timelines, including completing a Basis of Claim form and attending a hearing.
Eligibility
Applicants must demonstrate that leaving Canada would cause them unusual and undeserved hardship.
Refugee Claims
Refugee claims are made by individuals who fear persecution or risk in their home country and are seeking protection in Canada.
Eligibility- Applicants must meet the legal definition of a Convention Refugee or Person in Need of Protection under Canadian law.
Process- Claims can be made at a port of entryor from within Canada. The Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB)will assess the claim.
Protected Persons
Protected persons are those who have been granted refugee protection in Canada or recognized as Convention Refugees or Persons in Need of Protection by the IRB. Protected persons have access to essential services, including healthcare and social services, and are on a path to permanent residency.
Status- Once granted protected person status, individuals can apply for permanent residency in Canada.